Vegueta is an academic journal that focuses on the humanities, publishing both theoretical and empirical studies across a variety of disciplines. It covers a broad spectrum of topics, including visual and performing arts, literary arts, art history, anthropology, archaeology, communication studies, cultural studies, education, history, literature, philosophy, and more. The journal invites original research, creative works, and critical essays, appealing to social researchers, artists, theorists, and scholars in the humanities. The journal follows a rigorous peer review process, where submissions are initially assessed by the editorial board and then reviewed by two anonymous peer reviewers. Vegueta is published monthly and offers open access to all its content, supporting the free and global exchange of knowledge. Adhering to ethical standards set by the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE), the journal ensures fairness, confidentiality, and integrity throughout the publication process, requiring authors and reviewers to uphold high standards of academic conduct.
COMMUNICATION STRATEGY OF MENTORS AND ITS CONTRIBUTION TO THE SUCCESS OF THE UMKM CLASS UP PROGRAM: A CASE STUDY IN WEST JAVA PROVINCE
The "MSMEs Move Up Class" program in West Java Province is a government initiative to enhance the competitiveness and capabilities of Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) through mentorship. The success of this program depends on the effectiveness of the communication established between mentors and MSME entrepreneurs. This study aims to conduct an in-depth analysis of the strategic role of mentor communication in supporting the success of the MSMEs Move Up Class program. This study uses a qualitative approach with a case study method, where data is collected through in-depth interviews, participatory observations, and documentation studies. Data analysis techniques are carried out thematically to explore effective multilevel communication strategies during the program. The findings show that the communication established by mentors is multifaceted and strategic. Interpersonal communication proves to be the foundation for building comfort and trust between MSME entrepreneurs and their mentors. Furthermore, mentors adapt their communication roles as a mentor, coach, facilitator, or motivator—according to the needs and readiness level of each MSME entrepreneur. Mentor communication is a key instrument in encouraging MSME entrepreneurs to sustain their businesses. Mentor communication is not merely a supporting activity but a strategic instrument at the core of the "MSMEs Move Up Class" program's success. This success is achieved through effective relational communication. Implications: Practically, the findings of this study recommend that organizers equip mentors with skills that emphasize adaptive communication competencies, emotional intelligence, and diagnostic abilities.
Communication Strategy, MSME Mentorship, Mentor's Role, MSMEs Move Up Class Program, Case Study.
Putri Trulline, Asep Suryana, Dadang Sugiana, Uud Wahyudin
THE IMPLEMENTATION OF E-SERVICE QUALITY AND E-TRUST IMPLEMENTATION ON THE DECISION TO USE STATISTICAL SERVICES AT BPS GARUT DISTRICT
This study aims to determine and analyze how the implementation of e-service quality and e-trust influences the decision to use statistical services at BPS Garut Regency. Currently, there is still a gap between user satisfaction and expectations of service quality and data quality. In addition, in the user satisfaction survey, a number of symptoms were found that indicate user dissatisfaction. The steps are: The research method used in this research is a quantitative research method. Based on data obtained with a sample of 122 people. Sampling conducted in this study was using the Nonprobability sampling technique, the sampling method was carried out using the purposive sampling method. Data analysis was carried out using SPSS 2.6 Software Based on the results of the study, it showed that overall user responses regarding e-service quality and e-trust and the decision to use services were in the Good criteria, this indicates that the BPS Web meets the expectations of users and is able to carry out its duties well. Hypothesis testing results. shows that there is a positive influence of e-service quality and e-trust on the decision to use both partially and simultaneously. It is recommended that all users of statistical services be more active in utilizing digital services provided by BPS Garut Regency, increase the speed of response, ensure that customer questions or complaints will be answered quickly.
E-service Quality, E-trust, Service Usage Decision
Hendra Sukatriyana, Mulyaningsih, Novie Susanti Suseno, Irfan Nabhani
ECOLOGICAL COMMUNICATION MODEL IN THE HALAL USE OF FOREST RESOURCES IN THE KAJANG TRADITIONAL COMMUNITY
This research examines the model of ecological communication among the Kajang Indigenous People in South Sulawesi, which is based on the values of Pasang ri Kajang and the Islamic principle of halal. The Kajang Indigenous People views the forest as a sacred entity, collectively protected through a system of values, symbols, and customary social structures, particularly under the authority of the Ammatoa. Using a qualitative phenomenological approach, this research explores the practices of ecological communication that are not only verbal but also symbolic and ritualistic. The research found that the Kajang values in managing forest resources are closely linked to the concept of halal from the perspective of eco-sufism. The findings reveal that values such as kamase-masea (living modestly), the prohibition of excessive exploitation, and customary taboos serve as mechanisms for internalizing conservation ethics. Four main dimensions of ecological communication were identified: value dimension, social structure dimension, media and symbol dimension, and social practice dimension. This model positions communication as a social and spiritual binding mechanism, where ecological messages are not only conveyed but also collectively embodied and practiced. The integration of halal values provides a universal ethical framework that is acceptable across belief systems and serves as a localized conservation approach. This model not only represents how the Kajang Indigenous People communicate with nature, but also offers a participatory and spiritual framework for developing conservation policies rooted in local wisdom and Islamic ethics. The findings expand the concept of halal into environmental contexts and open new avenues in cultural and spiritual-based environmental communication studies.
Ecological Communication, Kajang Indigenous People, Halal
Zelfia Zelfia, Ahdan Ahdan, Faathiyah Harun, Fauziah Ramdani
GREENWASHING LAW: A FRESH START FOR GREEN CONSUMERISM PROMOTING QUALITY MANAGEMENT
Environmental activist Jay Westerveld first used the phrase "greenwashing" in 1986 to attack a hotel's towel reuse program, claiming it put financial savings ahead of real environmental advantages. Ten years later, the phrase became more widely known after Greer and Bruno's seminal book on environmental marketing was published in 1996. Greenwashing is defined by Greenpeace as deceiving customers about a business's environmental policies or the advantages of a product or service for the environment (Chen & Chang, 2013; Delmas & Burbano, 2011). Customers are now more conscious of the risks synthetic chemicals pose to their health and the environment. This has increased demand for organic personal care products and the desire for a better lifestyle (Ghazali et al., 2017). Green goods that are suitable for the skin and body are increasingly being considered by health-conscious consumers who are really concerned about the components utilized in the product (Johri & Sahasakmontri, 1998).
Dr. Dev Parbhakar, Dr. Ravinderjeet Kaur, Omair Shaquib, Vimal Mahajan
IMPLEMENTATION OF LOCAL GOVERNMENT INFORMATION SYSTEM (SIPD) AND HUMAN RESOURCES QUALITY ON THE FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE OF PPKBPPPA SERVICE OF GARUT REGENCY
This research aims to analyze the impact of the implementation of the Regional Government Information System (SIPD) and the quality of human resources (HR) on financial performance at the PPKBPPPA Office of Garut Regency. This study uses a quantitative method with regression analysis. The results of the study indicate that the implementation of SIPD has a significant effect on financial performance with a regression coefficient of 0.652 and a significance of 0.000 (p <0.05). The quality of HR also has a significant effect with a regression coefficient of 0.578 and a significance of 0.001 (p <0.05). Simultaneously, both variables have a greater influence with an R-squared value of 0.765. This shows that improving financial performance does not only depend on the system, but also on the quality of HR. Therefore, a policy is needed that balances technological improvements and HR development so that financial management is more efficient, transparent, and accountable. This study has implications that improving financial performance in the local government environment does not only depend on the use of the latest technology systems, but also on the quality of HR running the system. Therefore, a policy is needed that is oriented towards a balance between strengthening technological infrastructure and increasing employee capacity, so that the implementation of SIPD can run more optimally and contribute to more accountable and transparent financial governance.
Implementation of SIPD, Human Resources Quality, Financial Performance, PPBPPPA Service
Taryan Kusnara, Mulyaningsih, Gugun Geusan Akbar, Irfan, Yagus
THE SOCIAL VULNERABILITY OF INDEPENDENT PALM OIL FARMERS RESULTING FROM GLOBAL MARKET PRESSURES IN KETAPANG DISTRICT, WEST KALIMANTAN
This study aims to analyze the social vulnerability of independent palm oil farmers in Ketapang District, West Kalimantan, as a result of the increasingly stringent pressures of global market policies. The focus of this research is directed towards how international policies, such as the European Union Deforestation Regulation (EUDR) and sustainability certification standards (ISPO, RSPO), impact farmers' access to global markets and their socio-economic well-being. The approach used is qualitative with a case study design, utilizing in-depth interviews, field observations, and policy analysis. The findings indicate that global regulatory pressures create new vulnerabilities for independent palm oil farmers, characterized by low capacity to meet sustainability standards, limited access to financing, and weak institutional support. Global policies, which have not been matched with local capacity building, result in decreased competitiveness and the risk of market exclusion for independent farmers. These findings highlight the importance of inclusive sustainable transition strategies through land legalization, the establishment of traceability hubs, and support for financing and certification assistance for independent palm oil farmers.
Social Vulnerability, Palm Oil Farmers, Global Market Pressures, Spatial Security, Human Security
Fransiska Nelly, Widya Setiabudi Sumadinata, Akim Akim, Muhammad Fedryansyah
SPIRITUAL MEDICINE IN SHIʿI THOUGHT: A DOCTRINAL STUDY
This study explores the concept of “spiritual medicine” in Shiʿi thought, understood as a doctrinal system grounded in seeking intercession (tawassul) through the Imams and invoking blessings from their relics—such as the use of ṭurba ḥusaynīyya (soil from the grave of Husayn), ḥirz (amulets), talismans, and supplications attributed to them. This healing model integrates spiritual elements (prayer, Qur’anic verses) with material symbols (coded texts or sacred objects), and affirms the role of the Imams as intermediaries between God and believers, possessing the power to perform miraculous healings. The research draws on foundational Shiʿi texts such as al-Kāfī, Kāmil al-Ziyārāt, and others, which recount instances of incurable illnesses cured through the touch or prayer of an Imam—including cases of blindness and paralysis—thus reinforcing the Shiʿi doctrines of the Imams’ infallibility (ʿiṣma) and their connection to the unseen. Special attention is given to the sacred use of ṭurba ḥusaynīyya, which is prescribed under strict conditions: it must be used in small quantities, accompanied by specific invocations. The study also addresses the controversies surrounding certain practices—such as the use of talismans containing unintelligible phrases—often criticized by opponents of Shiʿism for their perceived association with sorcery or superstition. However, Shiʿi jurisprudence strictly prohibits magic, while permitting ruqyah (healing incantations) grounded in the Qur’an and authenticated supplications. The paper concludes that spiritual medicine in Shiʿi Islam is not merely a healing technique, but a marker of sectarian identity. It departs from other Islamic traditions by rejecting the sharp distinction between prophetic miracles (muʿjizāt) and saintly karāmāt, attributing miracles to the Imams to affirm their divine designation. Despite criticism, these practices remain a vital component of Shiʿi heritage, linking collective historical memory—particularly of Karbala—to contemporary religious expression.
Spiritual medicine, Shiʿism, intercession of the Imams, healing, blessings, talismans, jinn assistance, ḥirz, Qur’anic supplications, Shiʿi theology.
THOSE WHO CANN’T HOLD ONTO THEİR OWN STORİES ON THE MİGRATİON ROUTE: THE EXAMPLE OF THE NOVEL ‘UMUT PERONU’
The establishment of relations between Turkey and Germany, driven by trade, education, and similar reasons, dates back to the 1760s*. A special regulation issued by the Ottomans for Germans in 1857 formalized this emerging social proximity, facilitating a mutual labor and migration relationship between the two countries, contingent on the condition that migrants were farmers or artisans (Mortan and Sarfati, 2011: 14). While the influx of workers may not have begun with Ahmed Talib, who was sent to Germany as an apprentice in 1917, the step taken under those circumstances was highly significant. Ahmed’s journey learning shoemaking with three German youths, leaving his master in 1923, selling his household goods to open a small shop, and becoming engaged to a German woman, which cost him his Turkish citizenship marks the beginning of an extraordinary story. Although Ahmed applied for German citizenship and his application was rejected following the rise of the National Socialists to power, leaving him stateless. He was eventually granted East German citizenship in 1961 but died in 1983 without ever fulfilling his deep desire to see Istanbul. A similar story is that of Rebia Başokçu, who employed 60 tailors. Arriving in Berlin from Paris with only 7 Franks in her pocket, it opened first tailor’s shop, closely observed German society, and became an influential figure in fashion. Noting that, ‘women stopped wearing hats and stockings for economy due to the continuous devaluation of the German currency, and men reused old top hats at home to avoid buying new felt hats’ (Çelikbudak, 2015: 227), Başokçu would later be remembered as one of 44 prominent Turks. Herr President, Prof. Theodor Heuss’s visiting to Turkey in 1957, his invitation of 150 young people to Germany for vocational training and the subsequent decision of their interns at the Ford Plant in Cologne (1958), who are referred as ‘Heuss Turks’ and have opted for retirement instead of repatriation in the 1990, were phenomena of sociological nature. Similarly, the acceptance of Prof. Fritz Baade’s project by the German Foreign Ministry to bring skilled individuals from Turkey and provide them with ‘vocational and language training’ marked a foundational step. * On April 2, 1761, a Treaty of Friendship, Navigation, and Commerce was signed between Prussia and the Ottoman Empire. Although this treaty is considered the beginning of official relations, the interaction is more notably remembered for the campaign of Frederick Barbarossa, the first German Emperor, who passed through Konya (Battle of Iconium, 1190) on his way to Jerusalem during the Third Crusade (1189-1192).
RISHI MARKANDEYA AND THE ISLAND OF BALI: A SPIRITUAL BRIDGE ACROSS THE SEAS
The remarkable association of Rishi Markandeya, a revered immortal sage in Indian tradition, with the island of Bali in Indonesia underscores the far-reaching influence of ancient Indian culture across Southeast Asia. Rooted in Usana Bali (traditional Balinese palm-leaf manuscripts) and Lontar texts, as also in Balinese oral traditions, the narrative of this article highlights Markandeya's pivotal role in introducing the philosophy of Agama Tirtha, the “Religion of Holy Water,” and establishing the sacred Besakih Temple at Mount Agung. According to Balinese lore, Markandeya’s initial expedition to Bali along with his followers failed due to a disease outbreak, most likely cholera, prompting his return to Java. Upon deep introspection and application of Atharva-vedic knowledge and Rasa Shastra principles, he developed a water purification strategy and returned to Bali. Using the therapeutic principles of the Panch Dhatus, five sacred metals, he sanctified the water sources on the island, by strategically burying these metals at specific points on Mount Agung, especially in the areas around Besakih temple. This contribution of Rishi Markandeya to the unique Balinese hydrological and temple systems is maintained to this day. By integrating Vedic teachings with local animistic practices, Markandeya also laid the foundation for Balinese Hinduism, where water rituals such as melukat and sacred springs like Tirta Empul continue to play a central role. His legacy is embedded in Bali’s cultural identity, temple architecture, and ritual practices, illustrating how spiritual and ecological wisdom can be intertwined to sustain communities. This article underscores the enduring relevance of Markandeya’s contributions, not only in preserving Hindu traditions in Bali but also in demonstrating the role of traditional knowledge systems in environmental stewardship and health.
‘ADJUSTMENT AMONG UNDERGRADUATE ENGINEERING STUDENTS’
Adjustment is one of the most important processes that teaches us how to balance our internal needs and external demands. It is an ongoing process that helps a student adapt to new life changes, especially the shift in educational stage, that is, from school to college. The study aims to assess the overall adjustment and analyse gender differences in undergraduate engineering students across all areas of adjustment. The AICS by Sinha and Singh was used to assess adjustment in a sample of 83 students. A chi-square test was applied to examine the gender differences. This study revealed a statistically significant gender difference in health, social, and educational areas. However, category-wise analysis showed that more females fell into the very unsatisfactory category as compared to males. The findings revealed that the average level of adjustment included a significant proportion of students, suggesting that many students are adjusting moderately well. However, the unsatisfactory adjustment category accounted for the highest percentage among both males and females, indicating that a majority of students are facing difficulties in overall adjustment. These findings highlight the prevalence of adjustment difficulties and highlight the need for interventions that address the challenges of adjustment among engineering students.
adjustment, engineering students, stress, undergraduate, academic success.
BEYOND MEDICATION AND TOWARD ADVOCACY: QUANTITATIVE INSIGHTS ON THE ROLES OF PATIENT EXPERIENCE AND TRUST IN HOSPITAL SELECTION
This study investigates the influence of Beyond Medication (BM) and Completeness of Service Facilities (CSF) on Positive Patient Experience (PPE) and Patient Trust (PT) toward Brand Advocacy (BA) in the context of hospital selection in Batu City, Malang, Indonesia. Using a quantitative approach with 340 respondents from an infinite population, data were analyzed through the Partial Least Squares-Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) method. The findings reveal that Beyond Medication plays a pivotal role in shaping patient experience and trust, particularly through Communication on Intake (loading = 0.917), Security (BM1.3, loading = 0.901), and Information from Doctor (BM2.1, loading = 0.905). These indicators emphasize the importance of empathy, patient-centered communication, and a strong sense of safety in fostering positive perceptions. Similarly, the Completeness of Service Facilities significantly contributes to enhancing patient experience and trust via adequate waiting room facilities (CSF1.2, loading = 0.938) and arranging facilities (CSF2.1, loading = 0.917), underscoring the value of comfort, cleanliness, and efficient spatial management. Moreover, Positive Patient Experience emerges from effective interactions with medical staff, a supportive physical environment, and genuine attentiveness, which enhance patients' trust and encourage Brand Advocacy. This study demonstrates that communication quality, security, and facility adequacy directly improve patients’ positive experiences, trust, and willingness to recommend hospitals. Within Batu City’s sociocultural context, empathy, safety, and comfort are strategic elements in shaping patient perceptions and advocacy.
Beyond Medication, Completeness of Service Facilities, Patient Experience, Trust, Brand Advocacy
Siwi Dyah Ratnasari, Yupono Bagyo, andTita Hariyanti
DEVELOPING SPEAKING FLUENCY, CONFIDENCE, AND WILLINGNESS TO COMMUNICATE THROUGH 4/3/2-BASED BOOK-SPEAKING ACTIVITIES AMONG JAPANESE EFL LEARNERS
This research focuses on the impact of a 4/3/2 fluency-building book-speaking activity on the English-speaking fluency, confidence, and willingness to communicate of Japanese university students in an English as a Foreign Language (EFL) scenario. 23 private Japanese university undergraduate students participated in a series of timed book discussion sessions structured around the 4/3/2 task-repetition framework. For each session, the time allotted for speaking was gradually reduced, and the listeners of the session were changed in peer listening and speaking interaction to provide varied interaction. A mixed-method approach was utilized with a 10-item Likert-scale questionnaire and 10 open-ended questions to gather quantitative and qualitative data. The quantitative data provided were in several measures of confidence, peer collaboration, and overall participation, with means of 4.13, 4.39, and 4.00, respectively, and were internally consistent and reliable (Cronbach’s alpha = .90) as well as positive in the extremities. Qualitative data were analyzed thematically in MAXQDA, Braun and Clarke’s (2006) proposed 6-phase approach, and provided the following themes: improvement in fluency, the triggering of speaking anxiety, and motivational enhancement by peer evaluation. These findings imply that time-structured repetition and peer interaction positively influence the development of fluency, self-efficacy, and willingness to communicate for Japanese EFL students. The research underscores the teaching value of emphasizing 4/3/2 speaking activities in college English courses to facilitate students' construction of automaticity, confidence, and continuous communicative involvement.
Developing Speaking Fluency, Confidence, and Willingness to Communicate through 4/3/2-Based Book-Speaking Activities among Japanese EFL Learners
Saranyaraja Muthumaniraja , Payal Khurana, Divyabha Vashisht
ROLE OF WOMEN SELF HELP GROUPS IN RURAL WOMEN SELF-RELIANCE: A SOCIOLOGICAL STUDY
According to the famous economist Amartya Sen: “Women’s empowerment will not only have a positive impact on the lives of women, but men and children will also benefit from it.” Women have always held a revered position in Indian society and have played a vital role in the development of both society and civilization. Women constitute about half of India’s total population, and with nearly 68% of the population residing in rural areas, where the economy is primarily agriculture-based, the goal of universal development cannot be achieved without the development of women. Despite this, a significant proportion of women remain socially and economically disadvantaged. An irony of the employment scenario in rural India is that women, who actively manage household chores, farming, animal husbandry, fuel collection, and cottage industry activities, are often neither economically evaluated nor classified as employed. Employment opportunities are indeed more abundant in villages, and the ratio of working women there is higher than in urban areas. However, the nature of employment is predominantly labor-intensive, wages are low, and women often lack education and skills. Furthermore, wage discrimination against women persists. In this context, Self-Help Groups (SHGs) have emerged as an important tool for empowering women. SHGs play a significant role in protecting women’s rights, promoting self-reliance, and improving their social, economic, and political status. Presently, women’s SHGs have not only become transformative agents in rural India, fostering economic independence and social empowerment, but they have also become a powerful medium for political and social organization. Women’s participation in rural development is often limited by socio-economic and cultural barriers that restrict their involvement in economic and community activities. SHGs have proven to be a grassroots initiative that organizes women collectively for mutual cooperation, financial inclusion, and entrepreneurship development. This concept was formally launched by NABARD in 1992 through the SHG-Bank Linkage Programme (SBLP) and has since become a cornerstone of rural development strategies in India. The aim of this paper is to examine, based on primary and secondary data, how SHGs contribute to the self-reliance of rural women, with a focus on their economic, social, and political empowerment. The paper also reviews the policy framework supporting SHGs and highlights the challenges that hinder their effectiveness. The research was conducted among 80 women from 8 self-help groups (Ganesh S.H.G., S.V.V. S.H.G., Jai Ma Kali S.H.G., Jai Bheem S.H.G., Jai Bajrangbali Ajivika S.H.G., Fulan S.H.G., and Tulshi S.H.G.) in the rural areas of the Bankati block, Basti district, Uttar Pradesh. Data was collected using a purposive sampling method, a type of non-probability sampling. Primary data sources included interview schedules, group discussions, and observation methods, while analysis and interpretation were conducted using the simple percentage method. The study also draws on secondary data, reviewing various research papers, journals, books, and government and non-government reports to understand the role of women’s SHGs in promoting self-reliance. The paper aims to analyze how SHGs have contributed to women’s self-reliance in India, examining their impact on economic, social, and political empowerment.
Women self-reliance, Self-Help Group, Rural women, Economic empowerment, Women participation
Anjali Tripathi, Dr. Rajshree Mathpal, Anjali Tripathi
INSTAGRAM VS. NEWSPAPERS AS SOURCES OF NEWS: A COMPARATIVE STUDY AMONG JOURNALISM STUDENTS IN GUWAHATI
This paper investigates the contrasting roles of Instagram and Newspapers as news sources among journalism students in Guwahati. Utilizing a quantitative survey of 101 undergraduates and postgraduates, the study examines platform preferences, influencing factors, and perceptions regarding credibility, engagement, and career alignment. Results reveal a strong generational shift toward Instagram, with 69.3% favoring it for ease of access, entertainment, and engaging storytelling, while newspapers remain preferred for in-depth analysis and credibility with 64.4% and 72.3% respectively valuing these aspects. Instagram is the go-to platform for human interest and entertainment news, whereas newspapers are used primarily for political reporting and hard news. Despite a slight professional tilt toward Instagram, students recognize the continued relevance of traditional journalism. The findings indicate that the future of news consumption and journalism education in Guwahati is envisioned as hybrid, integrating the immediacy and visual strengths of social media with the analytical rigor and trustworthiness of traditional media. The study highlights the necessity for journalism curricula to bridge digital and conventional domains, preparing students with skills for a convergent media landscape.
Instagram, Newspapers, Journalism Students, News Consumption, Media Credibility.
Dr. Champa Devi, Dr. Esha Chakraborty, Ms. Sharmista Pradhan
UNLOCKING REAL-TIME INSIGHTS: TRANSFORMER-BASED DEEP LEARNING FOR VIDEO SURVEILLANCE AND HEALTHCARE
Our framework is a deep learning model using a transformer to process video in real-time intended in surveillance and healthcare settings. We conduct a benchmarking of the performance of Vision Transformers (ViT) and Swin Transformers on three large-scale datasets, namely, UCF-Crime, VIRAT and MIMIC-CXR. On 2019-04-10 under the same settings, our models used 16x16 image patch and hierarchical attention mechanisms need to achieve the same mean Average Precision (mAP) as using CNN-based methods yet, our models increased by 12.4 percent. We fine-tuned the performance in the model using AdamW optimizer and carried out privacy-preserving preprocessing, like data anonymization. The Swin Transformer has been shown to achieve the highest trade-off between accuracy and latency, recording sub 100ms inference time, which is an acceptable limit of edge deployment. We examined too trade-offs among model complexity as well as responsiveness with a focus on feasibility of deployment. Ethical issues were taken care of with the differences of privacy approaches and federated learning models in order to protect sensitive information. We have established that Transformer models provide accuracy as well as efficacy to real-time video intelligence thus it is gratifying to conclude that it can be deployed in secure, mass scalability within the context of both public safety and healthcare.
Transformer Models, Real-Time Video Analytics, Vision Transformer (ViT), TimeSformer, Swin Transformer, Video Surveillance, Healthcare AI, Deep Learning, Anomaly Detection, Patient Monitoring.
Mohammad Shahadat Hossain, , Khairul Anam, Mohammad Mosiur Rahman, Ramesh Poudel, Ahmed Saif Muntaseer, Kailash Dhakal
NEO-VAISHNAVISM IN ASSAM AND SATRA INSTITUTIONS
Neo-Vaishnavism developed by Sankardeva (1449-1568), the great social and religious reformer of 15th-16th century Assam. It was basically a religious movement, preaching the monotheistic faith in lord Krishna. The Satras are a kind of medieval Vaishnava religious institution created with the explicit purpose of spreading Neo-Vaishnavism. This institution, however, did not grow to their matured structural form during the life time of the saint who died in the year 1568 after a long span of life of about one hundred and twenty years. It is recorded that Sankardeva started to proselytize in congregational gatherings of his devotees under the shade of trees in line with the Satra as described in the Bhagavata Purana, building prayer halls (namghar) and performing bhaonas, religious songs and playing musical instruments, and reciting the Bhagavata. Sankaradeva did this first at his native village at Bardowa within the present district of Nagaon and then at DhuwahatBelaguri within the Majuli island in the first half of the 16th century.
Vaishnavism, Neo-Vaishnavism, Sankardeva, Satra
THE UNIFORM CIVIL CODE: STRIKING A BALANCE BETWEEN SECULARISM, RELIGIOUS AUTONOMY, AND GENDER JUSTICE IN INDIA
The Uniform Civil Code (UCC) represents an on-going effort to harmonize personal laws across religious and cultural lines in India, aiming to promote equality, gender justice, and national unity. Rooted in Article 44 of the Constitution, the UCC has been widely debated, with the judiciary often emphasizing its desirability while acknowledging the complexities of its implementation. This paper explores the historical, legal, and social dimensions of the UCC, including key cases like Narasu Appa Mali, Shah Bano, and Sarla Mudgil, as well as regional applications like the Goa Civil Code and recent developments in Uttarakhand. The study also examines challenges in addressing marriage, divorce, inheritance, and live-in relationships within a diverse society, particularly focusing on concerns of tribal and minority communities. By analyzing the interplay between constitutional principles, political discourse, and societal needs, this paper evaluates the feasibility of a UCC that respects India’s cultural diversity while advancing justice and equality.
Directive Principles of State Policy, Gender Equality, Religious Diversity, Live-In Relationships, Family Law Uniformity
Prof. Sanjeev Kumar Chadha, Amit Kumar Singh
FRICTION IN THE MOUNTAINS: A CASE OF NIYAMGIRI MOVEMENT IN INDIA
With the rapid growth of industrialization and the changing global institutions during the globalized era, India is home to many development projects by leading corporate organizations, various multi-lateral, and bi-lateral agencies, which are being implemented in close coordination with the local and state government bodies. The government has joined hands with global agencies to implement large infrastructure development projects that are largely in forests as well as other mineral intensive areas, populated with indigenous communities. The indigenous communities are highly affected in terms of livelihood opportunities, spaces of habitation, land ownership, displacement challenges, access to basic resources etc. in such a situation of disadvantages, tribal communities are witnessing oppression, forceful displacements and loss of livelihood and culture. This paper focuses on understanding the changes that happen in the mountain community of Niyamgiri after the mining company arrives with the help of the state. The central argument of the paper is how indigenous people react to the arrival of the destructive industry and how they witness the phenomena of cultural friction.
Friction, globalization, development, extractive-industries, mining, global governance, indigenous resistance,
MACHINE LEARNING-ENHANCED QUOTA ALLOCATION: A FAIRNESS-AWARE FRAMEWORK FOR CHINA'S HIGHER EDUCATION ADMISSIONS
This study implements and verifies a fairness-aware algorithmic framework optimised for machine-learning-powered quota-based equity resolution that specifically addresses systemic inequities in China's higher education admission policies. This research characterises quota allocation as a constrained multi-objective optimisation problem where both efficiency and equity with respect to distribution across allocation groups are measured through demographic parity and equal opportunity constraints. The proposed framework incorporates ensemble learning approaches of Random Forest, Gradient Boosting Trees, Neural Networks, and Support Vector Machines within systematic fairness optimisation mechanisms integrated with real-time adaptive corrective feedback loops. Empirical testing with data from 15 Chinese universities (a total of 50,000 student records), including in-depth case studies at four representative institutions, showed remarkable performance improvements; the developed framework outperformed traditional methods, achieving 91.3% allocation accuracy compared to 72.4% traditional quota methods and 84.7% baseline machine learning approaches. The fairness analysis reveals significant equity enhancements; reducing regional inequities by over 50% across all geographical regions and achieving a composite fairness score of 0.857. Admission equity was shown to be impacted over all analysed demographic groups. Longitudinal study spanning three years (2019-2022) using historical admission data demonstrates these diverse baseline outcomes and unregulated admission rates converge over time to more equitable outcomes. The examination of stakeholder contentment using a combination of formal interviews and surveys shows over 85% acceptance from government, university, and student stakeholders. Additionally, implementation case studies conducted at four exemplary institutions yield impressive increases in both diversity measures and operational efficiency. This work lays the groundwork for algorithms of equity in the education domain as algorithms of equity are developed for the educational context while offering diagnostic frameworks to the policymakers who wish to use evidence-based strategies for equity advancement in education.
Machine learning fairness; Higher education admissions; Algorithmic bias mitigation; Educational equity; Quota allocation optimization
Zhaowei Huang and Siti Hajar Binti Abu Bakar Ah
TEACHERS' PERCEPTIONS OF THE USE OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE TECHNIQUES IN EDUCATION AND THEIR IMPACT ON THEIR PROFESSIONAL ROLES
This research aims to investigate teachers’ perceptions regarding the use of artificial intelligence (AI) techniques in education and to analyze the impact of these perceptions on their professional roles—particularly instructional, administrative, and evaluative functions. The study adopted a descriptive-analytical methodology appropriate for exploring attitudes and practices within real educational contexts. A validated and reliable questionnaire was employed as the primary data collection tool, designed to measure three core domains: teachers' perceptions of AI, its impact on instructional roles, and its influence on administrative and assessment-related duties. The sample consisted of 178 male and female teachers from schools within the Green Line, selected using a stratified random sampling method to ensure diversity across variables such as gender, years of experience, educational level, and school type. The main research questions focused on the extent of teachers’ acceptance of AI, its influence on their professional responsibilities, and whether significant differences exist based on demographic variables. Findings revealed that teachers held highly positive perceptions toward AI, particularly in enhancing assessment practices and supporting personalized learning. However, their level of technical knowledge was moderate, suggesting a gap between positive attitudes and practical competence. Statistically significant differences were found in favor of less experienced teachers, whereas no significant gender-based differences were observed. Technical proficiency emerged as the strongest predictor of positive attitudes toward AI integration. Based on these outcomes, the study recommends implementing structured professional development programs targeting the effective use of AI in classrooms, integrating AI concepts into teacher preparation curricula, upgrading digital infrastructure, and fostering a culture of lifelong learning and innovation. These steps are essential to reshaping teachers’ roles in alignment with the demands of 21st-century education and technological transformation.
Teachers' Perceptions, Artificial Intelligence, Techniques in Education, Professional Roles
IMPACT OF POCSO ACT 2012 ON THE INDIAN SOCIETY: A DETAILED LEGAL STUDY
The Protection of Children from Sexual Offences (POCSO) Act, 2012, was introduced as a much-needed response to the rising number regarding sexual offences against children in India. It strikes a significant role in the country’s legal journey towards safeguarding children’s rights by establishing a dedicated legal framework and judicial machinery to address such crimes effectively. Despite the proactive steps taken by Union Ministry of Law & Justice, including the enactment of stringent laws, a societal taboo still lingers around child sexual abuse, making it a deeply underreported and sensitive issue. This study aims to bridge gap between law and its practice through a comprehensive legal and statistical analysis of the POCSO Act’s implementation and its broader implications on Indian society. It delves into the historical evolution of the Act, examines its interaction with related legislations as the Indian Penal Code and Juvenile Justice Act and evaluates its strengths and limitations through the lens of expert opinions and real-world outcomes. The paper further investigates the Act’s impact both positive and negative on society, identifies critical legislative gaps, and proposes constructive recommendations for more consistent and effective enforcement. Additionally, it highlights key areas of concern and controversy within the Act’s provisions, aiming to contribute meaningfully to future discourse, policy reform and academic inquiry in the area of child-protection laws.
POCSO Act, Child Rights, Child Protection, Child Sexual Assault, Juvenile Justice Act, Indian Penal Code, Legislations
CONSUMER PROTECTION IN REAL ESTATE TRANSACTIONS: A CRITICAL ANALYSIS OF RERA’S EFFICACY AND IMPLEMENTATION CHALLENGES
Real Estate (Regulation and Development) Act, 2016 commonly known as RERA is an Indian legislation passed by the Indian Parliament. The legislation aims at protecting the interest of homebuyers and nurture transparency, accountability, and efficiency in the construction sector. Even though RERA is a comprehensive law, it has struggled against enforcement issues such as lopsided implementation in different states, capacity limitations of regulatory authorities and procedural delays in grievance redressal with respect to the builder-buyer interface. The paper examines the legislative design of RERA, intent with which it was framed and institutional mechanisms stated, followed by an assessment on how much it has been able to close the gap between policy-design and reality. The book investigates whether RERA has achieved the twin objectives of protecting consumer and developers interests along with the development of a fair, competitive and sustainable real estate market landscape. The research further underscores the judgments that have limited its enforcement and explains the logistical barriers that subsume successes. This utilitarian blend adheres comparative examples from universal land administrative systems to present a domain-wide and point by point investigation of RERA's capacity for correction. The paper concludes with suggestions to enhance enforcement, increase the information base of stakeholders and improve effectiveness of dispute resolution in turn proliferationing moon-roofed RERA into an effective consumer protection tool within real estate transactions.
RERA, Consumer Protection, Real Estate Regulation, Implementation Challenges, Homebuyers’ Rights
Ms. Kajal Gupta, Prof. Dr. Tarkesh Mohila
THE ROLE OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN DRUG DISCOVERY: INNOVATION AND CHALLENGES
Artificial intelligence (AI) has the potential to revolutionize the drug discovery process, offering improved efficiency, accuracy, and speed. However, the successful application of AI is dependent on the availability of high-quality data, the addressing of ethical concerns, and the recognition of the limitations of AI-based approaches. In this article, the benefits, challenges and drawbacks of AI in this field are reviewed, and possible strategies and approaches for overcoming the present obstacles are proposed. The use of data augmentation, explainable AI, and the integration of AI with traditional experimental methods, as well as the potential advantages of AI in pharmaceutical research are also discussed. Overall, this review highlights the potential of AI in drug discovery and provides insights into the challenges and opportunities for realizing its potential in this field.1
BIOEMOTION-UX: A FRAMEWORK FOR EMOTIONALLY RESONANT AND NATURE-INSPIRED 3D-PRINTED LIGHTING
In response to the increasing demand for lighting solutions that are emotionally engaging, ecologically responsible, and tailored to individual preferences, this research introduces the BioEmotion-UX framework—a comprehensive design model that integrates biophilic principles, emotional user experience (UX) strategies, and digital fabrication technologies. By bridging the interdisciplinary domains of biomimicry, emotional design, sustainable materials, and additive manufacturing, the framework facilitates the development of 3D-printed lighting artifacts that resonate with users on aesthetic, psychological, and functional levels. The BioEmotion-UX model is structured as a layered system that encompasses five interrelated components: bio-inspired form, material consciousness, customization, emotional anchoring, and urban contextual fit. These dimensions collectively ensure that the design not only meets visual and spatial needs but also evokes emotional attachment, sensory delight, and ecological awareness. Employing a mixed-method approach that includes speculative design narratives, trend analysis, and secondary user insight mapping, the study explores how lighting products can transcend utility to become mediums of personal identity, well-being, and cultural reflection. By simulating real-life scenarios and user personas, the research demonstrates how co-creative, nature-inspired lighting can enhance spatial experience in urban environments, especially where space, sustainability, and sensory balance are critical concerns. This paper contributes to the evolving discourse on emotionally intelligent and nature-integrated product systems, providing a foundational model for future research and innovation. It identifies new pathways for integrating digital customization, sensory richness, and biophilic engagement into product design, positioning lighting as a transformative element in sustainable, user-centered living environments.
BioEmotion-UX Framework, Biophilic Design, Emotional User Experience (UX), 3D-Printed Lighting, Biomimicry in Product Design, Sustainable Materials, Customization and Co-Creation
Monica Singh, Kumar Sambhav, Ranganath M Singari
THE PRACTICING DEGREE OF TALENTED SCHOOL PRINCIPALS FOR TRANSFORMATIVE LEADERSHIP WITHIN THE GREEN -LINE AND ITS RELATIONSHIP WITH JOB CREATIVITY OF TEACHERS
The study aimed to determine the degree of transformational leadership practiced by principals of gifted schools within the Green Line, the level of job creativity among teachers, and the relationship between them. A descriptive approach was used, with a questionnaire applied to a sample of 300 principals and teachers. The results showed that there were significant differences in the arithmetic mean of the sample's estimates of the degree of gifted school principals practicing transformational leadership due to gender variables, favoring the male category. The level of functional creativity among teachers of gifted schools within the Green Line from the perspective of principals and teachers was very high. However, there were no statistically significant differences in the arithmetic mean of the sample members' estimates of the level of functional creativity among school teachers. Gifted individuals within the Green Line were attributed to the gender variable in any field of study, except for linkage and analysis, where the differences came in favor of the male category. There were no statistically significant differences attributed to the variables (educational qualification and years of experience) in any field of study, and in the total score, except for the two fields (risk and risk, and connection and analysis). The results revealed a positive, moderate, statistically significant correlation between the degree of gifted school principals practicing transformational leadership within the Green Line and the level of job creativity among teachers. Based on these findings, the researcher made a set of recommendations.
Transformational Leadership, Job Creativity, School Principals, Teachers, Schools for the Gifted, the Green Line.
COLLABORATION COMMUNICATION IN BUILDING A DISASTER RESILIENT COMMUNITY IN PANGANDARAN REGENCY
Objective: This study aims to find out the reasons, goals, and actions of stakeholders in building a disaster-resilient community. Methodology: The method used in this study is descriptive with the nature of qualitative data. Findings: The results of the study show that the reasons for stakeholders consisting of the Regional Disaster Management Agency (BPBD), Communication Forum for Early Community Preparedness Forum (FKDM), Disaster Preparedness Officers (Tagana), Search and Rescue (SAR), Indonesian Inter-Inhabitation Radio (RAPI) collaborated in building a disaster-resilient community is carrying out tasks, serving, sharing knowledge, disaster victims, and responsibility. The goal is to increase understanding, regenerate, protect oneself and the environment, change mindsets, and foster knowledge and satisfaction. Collaborative action in this research was carried out by BPBD as the leading sector by coordinating socialization, education, simulation and disaster preparedness simulation training activities with implementers being other stakeholders such as FKDM and other communities. In this collaborative action BPBD's actions are as follows 1) implementers by providing training on disaster preparedness and dialogic communication; 2) mediator with FKDM to design the implementation of disaster programs in accordance with potential disasters in their area; 3) facilitators by providing assistance to the community regarding disaster preparedness; and 4) conducting socialization through media such as radio, WhatsApp, and Handy Talky, as well as face-to-face individually or in groups. Conclusions: This research is expected to contribute in terms of providing a better understanding of the importance of collaboration between stakeholders in building a disaster-resilient community and contributing to improving disaster preparedness in the community. This research can serve as a reference for other stakeholders in developing more effective strategies in building disaster-resilient communities in their areas.
collaboration; stakeholders; communication; disaster; social capital
Iriana Bakti, Feliza Zubair, Heru Ryanto Budiyana, Dian Wardiana Sjuchro
EXPLORING USER PERCEPTIONS OF NATURE-INSPIRED, 3D-PRINTED LAMPS: INSIGHTS AND INDUSTRY IMPLICATIONS
This study investigates user perceptions of nature-inspired, 3D-printed lamps, emphasizing the convergence of biophilic aesthetics, sustainability, and customization in contemporary design practice. Against the backdrop of urbanization and the increasing detachment from natural environments, lighting products are emerging as lifestyle artifacts that embody emotional resonance and ecological responsibility. Drawing on literature review, market benchmarking, and a structured survey of 52 participants aged 18–34, the research provides both quantitative and qualitative insights into consumer expectations. Descriptive statistics reveal strong biophilic preferences, with 90% of respondents favoring organic and asymmetrical geometries, and 70% expressing demand for deep customization beyond superficial variations. Openness to bio-based or recycled materials was reported by 65%, although concerns about durability and safety (22%) highlight conditional acceptance of sustainability. Placement preferences for living rooms, bedrooms, and workspaces (76%) confirm the role of lamps as ambience-creating lifestyle artifacts. Inferential analyses further reinforce these findings: chi-square tests revealed significant age effects on sustainability acceptance, ANOVA indicated higher eco-trust among students compared to professionals, and regression analysis identified aesthetic preference, sustainability trust, and customization demand as strong predictors of adoption intention, while affordability concerns negatively influenced adoption. Qualitative responses underscored the importance of storytelling, with lamps perceived as symbols of calmness, mindfulness, and identity expression. The study concludes that next-generation lighting must integrate biomorphic forms, eco-material reliability, and user- driven parametric customization. It highlights the potential of additive manufacturing to reconcile artisanal exclusivity with industrial scalability, positioning nature-inspired lamps as catalysts for eco-innovative and emotionally intelligent design.
Biomorphic and Biophilic Design, 3D Printing, Sustainable Lighting, Organic Aesthetics, Consumer Perception
Gyandev Mohanta¹, Kumar Sambhav², Monica Singh³, Ranganath M. Singari⁴
RE-CONQUERING SPACE: PETER HANDKE’S OFFENDING THE AUDIENCE AS A CRITIQUE OF WESTERN THEATRE
Peter Handke's Offending the Audience stands as a radical departure from traditional theatre, challenging the norms and expectations of both performers and spectators. This paper explores how Handke’s work deconstructs the essence of theatrical performance by turning the focus onto the audience, thereby subverting the conventional narrative structures that dominate Western theatre. By refusing to offer a traditional plot or characters, Handke forces the audience to confront their own role in the theatrical experience, effectively placing them at the center of the performance. This shift not only critiques the passive consumption of art but also emphasizes the active role of the spectator in the construction of meaning. The play’s use of language and space serves to further this deconstruction, dismantling the ‘fourth wall’ and engaging the audience in a direct and often uncomfortable dialogue. Additionally, this paper examines the postcolonial undertones in Handke’s work, highlighting how Offending the Audience can be read as a critique of Western dramaturgy and its colonial legacy. By stripping away the familiar elements of theatre, Handke invites a reconsideration of the power dynamics inherent in the theatrical tradition, pushing towards a decolonization of the stage. This analysis situates Offending the Audience within the broader context of anti-theatre movements, drawing connections to contemporary efforts to democratize and decolonize artistic spaces.
Anti-theatre, Metatheatre, deconstruction, Western dramaturgy, Theatrical illusion, Avant-garde theatre and Performativity.
SAFEGUARDING THE HIGH SEAS: A LEGAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL PERSPECTIVE ON GLOBAL COMMONS AND THE 2023 BBNJ TREATY
The oceans, covering over 70% of the Earth's surface, are essential for sustaining life, regulating climate, and supporting global biodiversity. However, increasing human activities, overfishing, pollution, and climate change have placed these vital ecosystems under unprecedented stress. This paper delves into the concept of global commons, focusing on the oceans as a shared resource, and examines the historical, legal, and environmental dimensions of their governance. Highlighting the challenges posed by weak regulatory frameworks and unsustainable practices, it emphasizes the urgency of addressing issues like biodiversity loss, marine pollution, and overexploitation. The 2023 Biodiversity Beyond National Jurisdiction (BBNJ) Treaty emerges as a pivotal step towards cooperative management of the high seas, offering a legal framework for marine conservation and sustainable use. The paper concludes by suggesting actionable pathways, including international collaboration, robust policy implementation, and the adoption of sustainable practices to ensure the oceans' health and resilience for generations to come. This study underscores the critical need to view ocean conservation as a collective global responsibility.
Global Commons Governance, Sustainable Ocean Management, Biodiversity beyond National Jurisdiction, Common Heritage of Mankind, Ocean Acidification, Marine Protected Areas (MPAs), Climate Resilience in Commons
FROM DIGITAL INDIA TO ETHICAL INDIA: INSTITUTIONAL DESIGNS FOR RESPONSIBLE AI IN GOVERNANCE
This paper examines India’s transition from digital transformation to ethical AI governance, analyzing the institutional frameworks and policy mechanisms developed to ensure responsible AI deployment in public administration. Through a comprehensive analysis of recent policy developments, including the 2025 AI Governance Guidelines Report, IndiaAI Mission, and sectoral regulatory frameworks, this study explores how India is balancing innovation with ethical considerations. The research reveals that India has adopted a multi-stakeholder, lifecycle-based approach to AI governance, emphasizing transparency, accountability, fairness, and privacy as core principles. Key findings indicate that while India’s AI adoption rate has reached 59% among enterprises—the highest globally—significant challenges remain in implementing ethical frameworks consistently across sectors. The paper identifies three critical institutional designs: techno-legal governance frameworks combining regulatory and technical tools, competency-based capacity building for civil servants, and sector-specific regulatory mechanisms. The study concludes that India’s approach offers a unique model for developing nations, demonstrating how ethical AI governance can be achieved through digital-by-design frameworks while maintaining innovation momentum. However, success depends on addressing implementation gaps, particularly in risk assessment capabilities, cross-sectoral coordination, and ensuring inclusive access to AI benefits across India’s diverse socio-economic landscape.
Artificial Intelligence, Digital Governance, Ethical AI, India, Responsible AI, Institutional Design, AI Policy, Digital Transformation, Fairness, Transparency, Accountability